Bitrate is, without a doubt, one of the main characteristics that determine the quality of a video.
I’m glad you made it this far to continue learning about video. If you still don’t know about video or editing, remember that you can learn the basics with my video courses (among others).
What is video bitrate?
The bitrate or bit rate is the amount of information per second that the video has. It is measured in megabits per second and is directly proportional to its quality.
Generally, we tend to confuse the size of the video with its quality, thinking that 4k size is the video that offers the highest quality. However, this is flatly incorrect.
A high bitrate offers quality: Size VS Quality
Continuing with the topic I was talking about, it is very common for videos with 4k (at least those from professional cameras) have a higher bitrate. This is what makes the video look better quality, mainly, regardless of whether the video is larger or smaller.
How do you notice the difference between a high bitrate and a less high one?
The bitrate tends to show significant differences not simply when recording, but when editing. As I have already told you, with a bitrate of 10-15 mbps / s (at 25 fps) you have more than enough for most jobs. However, and if you are very exquisite, you may want to use a higher bitrate to have more margin for error when correcting and color grading. By the way, if you are interested in learning about color correction and color grading, check out my course.
With a higher bitrate you will notice the following differences than with a lower one:
Sharpness increase.
Superior ability to edit color without the appearance of banding or other unwanted disturbances.
Greater file weight (the higher the bitrate, the larger the file occupies).
However, this is not to say that it will be noticeable for most jobs. If you work in events, I assure you that you will not have a problem.
Bitrate types
If you are one of those who want to know more about everything you study, you can stay and delve deeper with me.
There are two types of bitrate, the constant bitrate and the variable bitrate.
CBR: this is the bitrate that always, whatever is on the plane, the exact same transfer rate will be used. The good news is that a video recorded at a specific size and bitrate will always occupy the same amount. However, it is not the most efficient.
VBR: this is the variable bitrate, and it consists in that a different bitrate will be applied depending on the information that is being recorded. Obviously, if you are recording a super dark black background, you don’t need as much information as if you are recording a scene with a very wide color gamut and a histogram that is padded from blacks to whites. In this case, the bit transfer rate will vary according to the needs of what is being recorded. Of course, we will try to keep an average (the chosen one).
How to know the bitrate of a video, both on Windows and Mac?
I am going to explain to you, both for Windows and Mac, how to find out the bitrate that a video clip has. This is very good because you can see that a video loses quality the more compressed it is. And one of the ways to compress it is by lowering the bitrate.
Windows: right-click on the clip> properties> details tab> video section> total bit rate
Mac: you open the video with the quicktime player> while it is playing press cmd + I> data rate
It is important that you pay attention to whether this data is in kbps or in mbps, because the first is 1000 times less than the second (so that you take it into account in case you want to compare looking from two different computers).
When to compress a video by lowering its bitrate?
There are times when you have already finished editing the video and obviously want to compress it. For this I recommend that you learn about codecs and video formats.
Obviously when you compress the video you will lose quality (the bitrate will decrease). This, a priori, should not be noticed in excess if it is a good compression, since you will no longer edit that video.
Of course I am talking about compressing the final file, never the raw ones used to create the video. You always have to lower the bitrate or compress the final file (in case you want to compress) to avoid losing image quality.
