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Youtube: best formats and resolutions for Youtube

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Youtube: best formats and resolutions for Youtube

Which configuration to choose for the best result

Google Corporation sets a number of requirements and offers many recommendations on video format, codec, bit rate, and resolution to upload to YouTube servers. Clips should be added in the highest resolution available, ensuring high image quality when viewed on large screens, flexibility when converting or rendering after editing.

Videos intended for rental should have a frame size of at least 1080p (Full HD) and an aspect ratio of 16 to 9, the parameters of most modern monitors. For commercial videos where you plan to insert ads, there are no frame size restrictions. However, you should not upload files with frame sizes below 720p at 16: 9 and 480p at 4: 3. With low quality, users with large monitors will find it uncomfortable to watch video footage, they may miss its content.

It is worth knowing that after downloading the video, YouTube always re-converts the material to optimize the playback quality.

In what format can you upload videos to YouTube?
In search of information on what video format is needed to upload to YouTube, you can re-read dozens of pages of information in articles and forums, and when you try to upload a finished file, you run into a problem. The service will not read it. At the same time, a file of a certain format may be compatible with a video hosting service, but the video codec used to encode it is not. To avoid duplicate work, convert or save your work in the following formats:

3GP;
AVI;
CineForm;
DNxHR;
FLV;
HEVC (compressed with H.265 codec);
MOV;
MP4;
MPEG4;
MPEGPS;
ProRes;
WebM;
WMV.

The platform does not support pure audio files, even in such common formats as WAV and MP3. If you want to share your own composition or track that does not violate the rights of its owner, convert the audio to MP4 or other format by adding a video sequence in the form of a cover or a series of thematic images. The following types of files can be used as an audio track:

AAC (in a MOV container);
FLAC;
MP3 (included in a WAV container);
PCM (to WAV).
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The resource administration does not give recommendations on the most suitable format, however, it is advisable to give preference to MP4 due to a number of characteristics of the container. For example, most digital devices write in MP4, many media players are sharp for it, the format has a higher compression ratio than AVI.

Video size (resolution and aspect ratio)
The size of a video to upload to YouTube depends on the way it is viewed: in an Internet browser, an application for the Android or iOS mobile platform, a third-party player, and the format: classic horizontal or vertical, shot on a mobile device. The player for mobile platforms adapts to the dimensions of the video, regardless of its orientation, trying to fill the maximum area of the screen with useful content. In this case, the frame is neither stretched nor compressed.

The YouTube video player window has a length-to-height ratio of 16 to 9. Deviating from the royalties is not recommended; this is a classic format, the most widespread in the world.

When playing videos with different settings, gray or white bars may appear in the corners or at the top and bottom of the screen, depending on the active theme. They will be black in the internet browser. Avoid the appearance of these stripes in the video during recording and eliminate them during editing. They make it more difficult to automatically resize the player window.

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The optimal video size for YouTube in 16: 9 progressive scan is shown in the table. Meeting the requirements will prevent solid color streaks on the sides or below and above the image when viewed on most mobile devices, televisions and monitors.

Height (p) Resolution (px)
2160 3840 x 2160
1440 2560 x 1440
1080 1920 x 1080
720 1280 x 720
480 854 x 480
360 640 x 360
240 426 x 240
It is advisable to take care of the video transmission format (1080p) and MPEG-2 or MPEG-4 for DVD players. The following features ensure that there are no playback issues in any way, regardless of device and platform.

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What is the best format. What is the best video format?

What is the best format. What is the best video format?

There are many different video file formats that allow you to store compressed video and audio information in a single file. Many people used to call the extension of the video file itself a video format, but in reality this extension is just a container in which videos of various formats can be stored. Some users may have faced such a situation that the downloaded video file with the familiar and familiar AVI extension did not want to play on the computer, because no suitable codec was found to play it.

Generating audio compression
To clear up this fog, we are offering you an update for several destructive compressed audio formats. Obviously, with today’s internet speeds and phenomenal storage sizes, the above values seem ridiculous. At the time, however, they had a real gamble: the main problem was being able to transfer and host these files with extremely slow storage capacity, bandwidth, or speeds. Thus the famous lossy compressed formats were born.

What is destructive sound compression?
Human auditory threshold. Fraunhofer Institute in Schmallenberg. However, the extension is associated with a codec, some of which even have the same name. Codecs have evolved over time, always with the aim of improving the perception of encoding quality and optimizing file weight.

Most of the video files distributed on the Internet are now created using the two most common containers, AVI and MKV. AVI container has been used for a long time and many different programs have been written to edit such video files, but with MKV things were quite different for a long time and users did not know how to cut an mkv file.

Consider another more appropriate sound analysis tool: the spectrogram. This measurement allows observing the evolution of energy as a function of frequency and time, thus highlighting certain defects created by destructive compression. Castanets, for example, a rich, accurate and fast percussion source, are particularly good at handling time-coding problems, particularly pre- and post-echo effects. But, unfortunately, the spectrogram also has its limits, not allowing to judge the full and complete transparency of the codec transparency.

The truth is that until now no measure has been able to fully define the transparency of a perceptual codec, and for good reason: everything is in the header. The final test remains, as the name suggests, a perception test.

To play or create each video format, an appropriate codec must be installed on your computer. The most popular codecs can be counted on one hand and we will consider some of their features below.

The XviD codec of the MPEG4 standard provides high definition images for dynamic scenes. It is distributed completely free of charge and is widely used by amateur video masters to encode any video.

Obviously, the different bit rates available have a direct impact on the quality and respect of the original audio file. Don’t confuse data compression with dynamic compression. Be careful, the term “compression” does not always mean to compress audio data. In fact, compression can also refer to the dynamics of the signal, such as reducing the gap between the loudest and weakest sounds, for example for music, movies, television or radio, for example, normally due to compression. of the dynamics of the pubs broadcast on television between films. , they are perceived much louder, while the listening volume does not change, since the difference between radio stations and music tracks.

DivX remains one of the most popular codecs and is compatible with all DVD players. By encoding, you get high-quality video with a high level of data compression, allowing you to get small video files. At the moment, the DivX codec pays for when used for encoding.

Best format for Youtube videos

Let’s see what is the format that allows you to retain the highest quality when you upload your video to YouTube. In case you do not know, in fact, once YouTube has acquired the video on its servers, once the upload is finished, it proceeds to recode it and therefore it is important that we provide a file with the highest possible quality and with the specifications that you require.

CODEC

Let’s start with the CODEC. The choice is almost obvious and falls on the ubiquitous H264. Used both in the acquisition phase in many camcorders, and in the distribution phase, it is the best option even when we want to share movies on the Web. The reason is very simple: with the same file size, it provides the best quality. Then, in your editing or encoding program, select it. Of course it would be nice if it ended here. Actually, this algorithm can have variations within it, which I will not explain in detail because it is a very complicated and long speech.

What you need to know is that the H264 profile that YouTube asks us is HIGH, its entropy mode is CABAC and obviously it must be progressive and not interlaced, since we are going to upload a video that will be seen on PC, smartphone and tablets and not on old televisions. Regarding the bit rate, that is the amount of data per second, YouTube tells us that we can leave it automatically, even if as a reference it suggests selecting 8000Kbits / sec for movies in FullHD and 5000 for movies in HD.

We can increase these numbers, but keep in mind that as they grow, the size of the files increases, with more time to load and more space for storage.

CONTAINER

Regarding the extension, that is, the container, mp4 is the best option. Obviously, the frame rate, that is, the number of frames per second, must be the same as what you recorded and edited at.

PHOTOGRAMS TO THE SECOND

For example, if you choose 25 frames per second in these two stages, make sure it is the same when uploading.

AUDIO

Ok, this for the video part. And for the audio?

The choice here falls on the AAC-LC codec, which is obviously stereo and with a sample rate or sample rate of 48Khz.

I know it sounds complicated, but once you dictate these parameters into your encoding program and save them, you just have to select them when exporting and you can forget about them. You may be thinking: but my program already has the ‘export to Youtube’ function, can’t I use it? The quick answer is: you could do it, because in any case they generally have parameters that go more or less well with what YouTube asks us.

However, if you want maximum control and quality, create a preset with the parameters that I told you before, and that I will now quickly summarize:

H264 codec with HIGH profile, CABAC entropy mode and bit rate that can be automatic or 8000 Kbits / second for FullHD movies and 5000kbits / sec for HD movies
extension in mp4
number of frames per second that is the same as the one you recorded and edited as long as it is between 24 and 60 fps
Progressive and non-interlaced movies (for example, 1080p and not 1080i)
48 kHz audio, compressed in AAC-LC

Which video format is better?

Surely, like me, you have often wondered which video format is best for recording, editing and exporting for YouTube or social networks. And there is not a single format for everything, but many, too many! Let’s see which ones you need for each task.

In what format to record on camera

The semi or professional video cameras that we can find in the market have recording options in the most common formats, in addition to some RAW formats that we can find in cameras with higher segments. For example, the BlackMagic 6K is capable of recording on Blackmag
ic RAW, the new format developed by BlackMagic Design.

It is always recommended to use the least compressed formats possible as long as we are going to work intensively with the color of that video. This is like a photograph: we will always have much more leeway with a RAW photo than with a compressed JPG photo.

For this reason, the cameras include slightly more compressed formats, such as ProRes, H.264 or H.265. ProRes is a mid-range format that offers a good balance of image quality and size and allows for color correction without loss of quality, making it suitable for professional environments. But undoubtedly the fastest and most suitable for ordinary mortals is the H.264. H.264 is the JPG of video, an off-road format accepted by the vast majority of online video players and services.

H.264 problem? That when editing is a resource eater, since the CPU has to decompress the signal. But if you have a fairly powerful PC you should have no problem. Oh, by the way, there are video editors capable of decoding H.264 and H.265 using the GPU, not at the software level, but at the GPU level. For example, in DaVinci Resole Studio we can activate this option by going to the preferences and in Decoding we activate Use hardware acceleration and NVIDIA or the graphics card we are using. I tell you that the speed jump is dramatic.

Also, there are some cameras capable of recording in H.265 format. For example, we can record in H.265 (also known as HEVC) on the Panasonic GH5, but only in a very specific recording format. It is noteworthy that this mode in the Panasonic allows HDR through HLG (Hybrid Log Gamma or high dynamic range). So if you have a monitor compatible with this system, use the original color space of these Rec2020 HLG clips, since selecting this color space in DaVinci Resolve you can get images with a great dynamic range, or change the color space later. to Rec709 to recover light levels of this standard space.

Okay, and up to this point the big question: in what format do we record? It depends. It is not the same if you are recording a short film than a video for YouTube. In my personal experience, for YouTube I do not complicate my life and use more or less standard configurations. In fact, right now I’m recording this using the GH5 H.264’s preset with 8bit color at 25fps and 100mb and with the Cinelike D color profile, not V-Log or anything like that, but Cinelike D. Note that YouTube then compresses the video, I do not see much sense in recording with more bitrate or more color depth, so I use this simple and busy preset.

VIDEO CONVERSION SOFTWARE

Then there are other formats like MP4 or AVCHD, but basically they use a lower bit rate.

But it may be the case that we want to record a movie with our GH5. In that case I do recommend going to more “professional” profiles so to speak. Keep in mind that each camera is a world, but as a general rule, when we are recording something with a more cinematic aspiration, I recommend going to the highest quality option that the camera gives. There are cameras that allow you to record in RAW, so we will need tons of storage. For example, in the GH5 the highest quality preset is 4K at 400 megabits per second with a color depth of 10 bits. Take chestnut. That is, 50 megabytes per second at 10 bit color, absolutely crazy.

In fact, it is so crazy that any SD card is not worth it, because if we use one that has a low writing speed, we will run out of buffers and stop recording. So it is essential to use special cards that allow this recording speed, for example I have the 128GB Sony M Series, which allow a writing speed of 150 Megabytes per second. Be careful, here we are mixing megabytes and megabits. In the camera preset we will see 400 megabits, that is, the mbps in lowercase, while the card shows it in Megabytes, with the MB in uppercase.