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Currently popular video containers

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Currently popular video containers

video containers
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AVI (Audio Video Interleaved) is an old (1992!) Container type and still very popular. We appreciate your appearance at Microsoft and the Video for Windows package. It is currently starting to lose ground to more modern containers due to lack of normal support for various modern audio tracks, subtitles and codecs (such as h.264), however it will remain popular for a long time due to increased support. from appliance manufacturers. It is generally used in combination with MPEG4 / DivX / Xvid codecs and compressed mp3 audio.

video container
MKV (Matroska, “Matryoshka”) is a modern container, developed as an open source project and lacks all the downsides of AVI: modern audio and video codecs, multiple audio tracks, and multi-track intro with Subtitle. Usually, but not necessarily, it is used in combination with modern h.264 / x.264 / AVC-1 codecs. Subjectively, it is the most popular for Internet distribution and local storage of high-quality video.
But nobody bothers, for example, to put MKV video inside, compressed by the “good old” Xvid. Also, in some situations, such actions are justified.
QuickTime (file extensions – *. Mov or *. Qt) is a fairly progressive container created by Apple, it supports almost all popular codecs and subtitle embeddings, moreover, unlike MKV, it is much more suitable for editing video material. engraved on said container. …
However, its normal support is only possible with the Apple QuickTime package installed on the computer; third-party open source reverse engineering developments do not provide full functionality.
ASF / WMV / WMA (Advanced Stream Format / Windows Media Video): Microsoft’s AVI replacement, file extensions, respectively: ASF, WMV, WMA (for audio files). Despite all the progressive innovations (support for multiple tracks, chapters, new codecs), support for h.264 is still difficult for them, which puts the future of this container in doubt.
FLV – Adobe Flash Video. It became tremendously popular thanks to YouTube. In the process of evolution, I learned to use modern audio and video codecs, but its focus on short, highly compressed Internet videos limits the scope of its distribution. For some reason embedded subtitles are not supported.
BDMV is in fact an uncompressed Blu-ray disc image, it has all the imaginable “advantages” (support for all modern audio and video formats, up to 3D), but it has serious demands on disk space and loading decoder. Therefore, the support of hardware players is still very limited.
3GP is a container focused on filming videos with mobile phones. Hence the limited support for audio formats, video formats are supported very progressively. There are no alternate audio tracks, timecode instead of subtitles. The weapon of a mobile reporter, in a nutshell.
MP4 is quite a progressive container, it supports video compression not only in MPEG4, as you might think from the name, but also using more modern methods. But I lost to the “matryoshka” in terms of support for subtitles and audio formats.
Divx is a container from the creators of the codec of the same name. Despite some progressiveness, it did not receive the same distribution. The reason is that you can only use the codec of the same name for video, and who needs it after that, if the “nesting doll” is more universal.
VOB is actually the official name of this MPEG 2 program stream container, that is, it is actually the content of the DVD. It supports only two video codecs, MPEG1 and MPEG2, otherwise the standard of the “before HDTV” era, because there is support for subtitles, chapters (if you take the whole disc as a single container) and various audio formats, including very progressive ones.
.ts MPEG 2 Transport stream, also found in files with the m2ts and mts extensions, popular due to digital satellite transmission, capable of using, despite the name, modern codecs and FullHD resolutions. Popular with fans of satellite TV, but inferior to “Matryoshka” in terms of flexibility of use.
OGG is a container formally designed to store audio in the OGG Vorbis format, but it can also store video. Despite the stated capabilities, it is exotic (this applies to video), for sound this container has already taken hold.
WAV is a container for storing sound, not necessarily uncompressed.
ISO is just an optical disc image. Anything can be inside. How the player will assimilate it is up to its developers.
MPG: Legacy VideoCD, MPEG 1 single format video container.

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Video containers

Video containers

Video Container

For most users, video files with AVI extension are a separate video file format. In fact, this is not the case. In this case, the extension of an AVI video file is a container of a certain structure, which is used to store various information, such as video and audio data streams, and possibly also subtitles. The AVI video file container can hold video of almost any format, and maybe just audio. Next, we will consider the most widely used containers that can store audio and video information.

video container

AVI is the most popular and widespread type of video file. It was developed by Microsoft during the early days of the Windows operating system and is designed to store synchronized audio and video streams. AVI has a number of limitations that prevent the latest advances in data encoding from being applied, but despite this, it remains popular. Several of these restrictions were successfully circumvented in various clever ways, for example using variable bit rate audio streaming. In the Windows operating system, absolutely all video encoding programs can work with this container.

The OGM container is a completely open system that is part of the OGG project. It can accommodate a video stream of any format and sound in Ogg format, but it also has support for tracks in MP3 format. The main advantage over AVI is its instant rewind capability and built-in error correction.

MKV, called “Matryoshka” on the Internet in Russian, is a relatively recent new development of the video container. It is completely free and open source for any developer. MKV allows you to combine the latest advancements in video and audio encoding. When generating a file, any codecs can be used, both video and audio. Additionally, it supports variable bit rate, a DVD-like navigation menu, and the ability to link to movie chapters. To play files, you must install the Matroska Splitter filter, which will split the container content into sequences. To process video in this container, it will not be easy to find a suitable video encoding program that can trim MKV without re-encoding.

MP4 was developed by the MPEG group to store audio and video computing, and it also supports some types of animation. To play animations in 2D and 3D formats, the installation of special players is required, but these capabilities are still in the testing stage. Most of the portable devices save their files in the MP4 container.

The Quick Time container is used primarily on the Apple platform. Files with this container have the MOV extension and contain high-quality compressed video and sound. It can also be used on standard PC platforms, which requires the installation of the appropriate codec.

Verschillen tussen Codec en houder

Verwarring tussen de codec en container is heel gebruikelijk. En zelfs meer als we bestandsextensies, zoals .flv, .mp3, .mp4, enz. Toe te voegen

Wat is een codec?

De codec term komt uit de aaneenschakeling van de initialen van twee woorden: encoder en decoder. Strikt genomen, een codec is een specificatie over hoe je een soort informatie te coderen en dan in staat zijn om het te decoderen. Bijvoorbeeld, een codec bepaalt hoe video- en audio-informatie wordt gecomprimeerd en gedecomprimeerd. Vergeet niet dat compressie is een specifiek geval van codering waarin ruimte wordt verlaagd, overbodige of lage perceptuele invloed informatie.

Codering betekent zoiets als het comprimeren. Dat wil zeggen, het is bedoeld om de hoeveelheid bits die een audiobestand inneemt verminderen. Het idee is om de hoeveelheid bits te verminderen met behoud van de hoogst mogelijke geluidskwaliteit.

Het is duidelijk dat, zodra de bestanden zijn gecomprimeerd, ze moeten de tegenhanger, die de decoder, dat is degene die kan interpreteren en omschakeling in het geluid wat er in het bestand werd geschreven wordt.

Dan, een codec is er een die dient voor het comprimeren en decomprimeren (coderen en decoderen) een audio- of videobestand.

Wat is een container?

In de multimedia-scope, een container is een specificatie van hoe de verschillende soorten van gecodeerde multimedia-inhoud zijn gesorteerd in een bestand. Deze verschillende inhoud zijn meestal, voornamelijk, video, audio en tekst.

Neem het geval van een film in digitaal formaat. Deze film is in een bestand. Toen we dat bestand te openen, een speler loopt en kunnen we genieten van de film. Merk op dat een film heeft video, heeft audio, ondertiteling, informatie over de auteur, informatie over de duur ervan, enz. Voor het gemak van de gebruiker, zijn al deze elementen gegroepeerd in een enkel bestand. De volgorde waarin ze zijn opgeslagen, dat bestand is de houder specificatie.

Verbinding

De video-informatie die in een container wordt meestal samengeperst, dat wil zeggen volgt meestal de specificatie van een codec. Hetzelfde geldt voor audio-informatie. De verwarring wordt weergegeven wanneer er containers en codecs met zeer vergelijkbare of zelfs gelijke namen.

Het meest populair

De meest populaire video codecs momenteel Theora, VP8, MPEG-2, H.264, Xvid en Divx. Wat betreft audio codecs: AAC, FLAC, MP3, Vorbis (ogg) en WMA zijn de meest voorkomende.

De meest gebruikte containers zijn AVI, DivX, Matroska, Flash-video, MP4, MPEG, Ogg, Quicktime, MXF en WebM. Aangezien de houders intrinsiek verbonden met de bestanden, elk daarvan specificeert ook één of meerdere mogelijke bestandsextensies:

AVI -> .avi
Divx -> .divx
Matroska -> .mkv, .mk3d, MKA, MKS
Flash-video -> FLV, .f4v
MP4 -> .mp4
MPEG -> MPG, MPEG
Ogg ->. ogg
Quicktime -> .mov, .qt
MXF -> .MXF
WebM -> .webm

En om een container te openen en de inhoud ervan?

De containers worden uitgelegd via een mediaspeler toepassing, zoals Windows Media Player, Quicktime (applicatie met dezelfde naam als een container), VLC, Plex, RealPlayer of Winamp, een paar te noemen.

Een goede optie is de VLC-speler, want het biedt compatibiliteit met alle formaten onder vrijwel elk platform en zelfs kunt u onvolledige dossiers (nuttige functie spelen als je wilt beginnen met het spelen van een audiovisuele inhoud die nog niet klaar is met downloaden, op voorwaarde dat deze zijn progressief). Bovendien wordt vrij verspreid.

Differences between Codec and container

Confusion between codec and container is very common. And even more if we add file extensions, such as .flv, .mp3, .mp4, etc.

What is a codec?

The codec term comes from the concatenation of the initials of two words: encoder and decoder. Strictly speaking, a codec is a specification on how to code a type of information and then be able to decode it. For example, a codec determines how video and audio information is compressed and decompressed. Remember that compression is a specific case of coding in which space is reduced, eliminating redundant or low perceptual impact information.

Coding means something like compressing. That is, it seeks to reduce the amount of bits that an audio file occupies. The idea is to reduce the amount of bits while maintaining the highest possible audio quality.

Obviously, once the files have been compressed, they need the counterpart, which becomes the decoder that is the one that can interpret and reconvert in sound what was written in the file.

Then, a codec is one that serves to compress and decompress (encode and decode) an audio or video file.

What is a container?

Within the multimedia scope, a container is a specification on how different types of encoded multimedia content are sorted within a file. These different contents are usually, mainly, video, audio and text.

Consider the case of a movie in digital format. This movie is in a file. When we open that file, a player runs and we can enjoy the movie. Notice that a movie has video, has audio, subtitles, information about its author, information about its duration, etc. For the convenience of the user, all these elements are grouped into a single file. The order in which they are saved in that file is the container specification.

Connection

The video information that is inside a container is usually compressed, that is, it usually follows the specification of a specific codec. The same goes for audio information. The confusion appears when there are containers and codecs with very similar or even equal names.

The most popular

The most popular video codecs currently are Theora, VP8, MPEG-2, h.264, Xvid and Divx. Regarding audio codecs: AAC, FLAC, MP3, Vorbis (ogg) and WMA are the most abundant.

The most commonly used containers are AVI, Divx, Matroska, Flash video, MP4, MPEG, Ogg, Quicktime, MXF and WebM. Since the containers are intrinsically linked to the files, each of them also specifies one or several possible file extensions:

AVI -> .avi
Divx -> .divx
Matroska -> .mkv, .mk3d, .mka, .mks
Flash video -> .flv, .f4v
MP4 -> .mp4
MPEG -> .mpg, .mpeg
Ogg -> .ogg
Quicktime -> .mov, .qt
MXF -> .mxf
WebM -> .webm

And to open a container and see its contents?

The containers are interpreted through a media player application, such as Windows Media Player, Quicktime (application with the same name as a container), VLC, Plex, RealPlayer or Winamp, to name a few .

A good option is the VLC player, as it offers compatibility with all formats under almost any platform and even allows you to play incomplete files (useful feature if you want to start playing an audiovisual content that has not yet finished downloading, provided that this be progressive). In addition, it is freely distributed.