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The difference between progressive download and streaming delivery

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The difference between progressive download and streaming delivery

Streaming

When a business or organization publishes a video on the web or operates a video service, it is important to select a video distribution method.

streaming

On this occasion, we will explain the characteristics and differences between the two distribution methods, “progressive download” and “streaming distribution”.

What is progressive download?
Progressive download is a delivery technology that downloads data such as video and audio and plays them at the same time.

Sometimes referred to as “pseudo-streaming,” the video data is played back as it is saved as a temporary file on a terminal such as a PC or smartphone.

Thus, once the video data is downloaded, it can be freely viewed offline without having to go through the internet.

What is streaming distribution?
Streaming is a technology that transfers audio and video data, plays it back in sequence, and distributes the data to terminals such as PCs and smartphones without saving it.

Streaming distribution uses a dedicated streaming server for video and audio distribution and transfers only the data required for playback, making it suitable for distribution of long duration video such as movies.

Due to the technology to play while data is transferred, if the communication environment is poor, the data reception cannot be maintained and the video may stop in the middle.

Advantages and disadvantages
Let’s take a look at the pros and cons of “progressive download” and “streaming”.

Progressive discharge
merit
Even if the communication environment is bad, smooth playback is possible after the data download is complete.
Since the video data is saved as a temporary file in the terminal, the saved video data can be played repeatedly as long as the cache remains.
Operation is possible without preparing a dedicated streaming server
* Recently, streaming servers are becoming more common.
Demerit
Since the entire video file is downloaded to the terminal and distributed, it is easily copied and no copyright action can be taken.
* Recent video data security
Large video files put a strain on your bandwidth, so they take time to play.
As the number of concurrent viewers increases, the server will become overloaded and viewing will become difficult.
Transmission delivery
merit
Only the video being played is transferred to the user, so if the communication environment is stable, you can comfortably watch long and large-capacity videos.
Since there is no data left on the device, copyright-related measures such as data redistribution and falsification are higher than progressive downloads.
* Recent video data security
By using a CDN, a stable distribution is possible even if the number of concurrent viewers increases.
Reference: What is a CDN that is often used for video distribution?

Demerit
Stable playback is not possible unless the communication environment is protected.
A dedicated streaming server needs to be set up, which requires upfront and running costs.

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Video Distribution Advantages and Disadvantages of High Bitrate Part 2

Bitrate

Let’s think about the optimal bitrate for each video.
When creating a video, you need to think about how to set the optimal codec, resolution, frame rate, and bit rate yourself.

Bitrate

Then
The higher the bit rate, the better the picture and sound quality.
If the bit rate is high, the network and the playback terminal will be overloaded.
Even if the bit rate is increased, the picture quality and sound quality should not be higher than that of the original video material.
It is useful to remember that.

Also, almost all video editing software, encoding software, YouTube, and other free video publishing services commonly used when creating and publishing videos have preset settings with preset codecs, resolutions, frame rates, and bit rates.

However, the image quality of the presets is not always optimal, so use this bit rate knowledge when you need to make fine adjustments.

Video distribution Advantages and disadvantages of a high bit rate

Bitrate

The video bit rate is calculated separately for video and audio and added together.

Bit Rate

The sum of the video and audio bit rates is called the oval bit rate (total bit rate).

Expressed in a formula
Oval bit rate = video bit rate + audio bit rate

High bit rate benefits
The higher the bit rate, the better the picture and sound quality, and the lower the bit rate, the worse the picture and sound quality.
However, note that if the video bit rate is high, there are cases where the video bit rate is high and the image quality is good, but the audio bit rate is low and the sound quality is poor. On the contrary, there may be cases where the image quality is poor and the sound quality is good.

High bit rate video basically has the advantage of improving image quality and sound quality, but you also need to understand the disadvantages.

Disadvantages of high bit rate
The higher the bitrate, the more net bandwidth is consumed and the more playback load is applied.
For example, increasing the bit rate from 500 Kbps to 1000 Kbps doubles the net bandwidth usage and doubles the playback load or more.

It is easy to increase the bit rate for high image quality, but if you increase the bit rate too much, the CPU will become overloaded and you may not be able to reproduce it well, so be careful.

Especially when the radio wave of the smartphone is bad or the band is limited, it may not play smoothly at a high bit rate.

Even if the bit rate is increased, the image quality and sound quality do not improve above a certain level.
In fact, increasing the bit rate does not mean that the image quality and sound quality will increase without an upper limit.

For example, if the image quality of the original video material shot by the camera is 100, even if it is converted at a high bit rate by video editing software or encoding software, a high-quality video with a quality of 100 or more image of the original video will be created. You can not.

No matter how high the bit rate is, if the quality of the original video material is poor, the quality will not be better.

Detailed explanation of bit rates for video and music files

Detailed explanation of bit rates for video and music files

CBR (Constant Bit Rate)

Bitrate is an unavoidable experience in video editing and music production.

VBR

The word bit rate sounds a bit complicated, but of course, video and audio files. It is also often found in various situations, such as mobile phones and internet lines.

What is the bit rate? It’s surprisingly useful to remember it sensually, so remember it.

I think the person who visited this page is a beginner asking “What is bitrate?” , So I would like to explain it in the easiest and simplest way possible.

Bit rate basics
To briefly explain the bit rate, it refers to the amount of data per second for communication, such as video files, music files, and the Internet.

The so-called reproduction and communication are data streams. This stream uses a unit called bps (bit per second) to indicate how many bits flow in one second (per second).

I think it is easy to understand if you can imagine the road that a car passes by. The car is the data and the data stream is the road.

Taking into account that a road with many cars carries many people and luggage, it can be said that a lot of data (information) flows. This is called high bit rate.

On the contrary, if there are few cars in motion, it can be said that little data (information) flows. This is called a low bit rate.

A state in which the amount of data is large and the bit rate of the stream is high

A state in which the amount of data is small and the bit rate is low

Should the bit rate be high?
A high bit rate means a large amount of information. If there is a lot of information, it sounds great, like high image quality for videos and high sound quality for music, but it has a big disadvantage.

The disadvantage of a high bit rate is that it increases the data capacity of a single file. If the data capacity is too large, it can take time to send data to someone or move data between hard drives, making it difficult to manage.

Therefore, the codec was developed to reduce data capacity while maintaining high image quality and high sound quality. I’ll talk about codecs another time, but you need to set the bitrate keeping in mind the balance between image quality, sound quality, and file capacity so that the data capacity is easy to handle.

How to check the bit rate
You can check the bit rate by looking at the detailed information of video files and music files on both Windows and Mac.

How to check bitrate in Windows 10
Click Properties in the context menu of the video or audio file for which you want to check the bit rate.

Variable bit rate

Variable bit rate

Variable Bit Rate

Variable bit rate

Variable Bit Rate

The bit rate fluctuates in a video or music data file. More efficient compression is achieved by increasing the bit rate (large amount of data) in the large change part (vigorous movement) and decreasing (decreasing the amount of data) in the small change part. You can expect the effect of reducing the amount of data while maintaining the quality or the effect of improving the quality while maintaining the amount of data, but it is generally used for the first purpose.

⇨  Bit rate
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Explanation of the ASCII digital glossary.jp “Variable bit rate”
Variable bit rate
Bit rate at which the amount of data changes per unit of time. With the variable bit rate, the bit rate per unit of time can be adjusted according to the state of use of the line and the amount of data to be transmitted, so that the data can be transferred efficiently. Also, when compressing video to mpeg, etc., a compression method by changing the bit rate value according to the video.

Digital Daijisen “Variable Bit Rate” explained
Kahen-Bitrate [Variable Bit Rate]

“Variable bit rate” used in a system, for example, when compressing audio and video data. By changing the bit rate, it corresponds to the amount of data in the scene. VBR. VBR control. → Constant bit rate

What is the difference between CBR / VBR / ABR in audio / video conversion?

What is the difference between CBR / VBR / ABR in audio / video conversion?

CBR vs VBR vs ABR

Bit rate is an index that determines the quality of compressed video and audio. Bit rate is the number of bits per second, and generally the higher the bit rate the higher the quality. However, the file size will increase accordingly.

ABR vs CBR vs VBR

The compression method is the behavior of the bit rate at the time of compression, which is the constant bit rate method (CBR), the variable bit rate method (VBR) or the average bit rate method (Averate Bit Rate, ABR). be classified

Constant Bit Rate (CBR) functions

The compression method with a constant bit rate is called the constant bit rate (CBR) method. Since the bit rate is fixed, it is not only easy to predict the file size after compression, but it is also possible to search for the playback position at high speed. However, in the video there are scenes with little movement and scenes with a lot of movement. problems with such as quality change.

WAVE and uncompressed AIFF are also CBR.

advantage
It is possible to predict the size of the file after compression.
You can search the playback position at high speed.
Disadvantage
Quality tends to vary
Variable Bit Rate (VBR) Features
The compression method by changing the bit rate is called the variable bit rate (VBR) method. The VBR scheme places the jitter data with a high intense bit rate, the jitter is compressed by lowering the loose position, in its entirety the quality is kept constant can be compared with the CBR can be compressed with high quality if it is said. However, the size of the compressed file is unpredictable because the bit rate changes from moment to moment. Also, it takes longer to find the playback position than CBR.

advantage
Easy to control quality
High quality

Disadvantage
Difficult to predict compressed file size
It takes time to find the playback position.
Average Bit Rate (ABR) functions
Although the bit rate is variable, the compression method with a constant average bit rate is called the Average Bit Rate (ABR) method. Although the bit rate fluctuates with this method, the size of the final file can be predicted to some extent because it is compressed so that the average bit rate of all data is constant. This allows you to keep the quality as VBR and predict the file size as CBR. However, it takes longer than other methods because the data must be scanned at least once before compression.

advantage
It is possible to maintain quality to a certain extent.
File size can be predicted to some extent
Disadvantage
The compression process takes time

How to get the correct bitrate

How to get the correct bitrate
appropriate

bit rate

Here’s a simple way to get the correct value:

Bit Rate

Don’t increase the frame rate too much
Change the codec type
Check the resolution
If you’re taking up too much CPU on your computer with high-bit video, try the following.

Don’t increase the frame rate too much
Don’t lift too much

Since the frame rate is edited with basically the same settings as the frame rate when recording a movie, if you don’t increase the frame rate too much at the shooting stage, you can naturally keep the bit rate low and reduce the amount of data. may. Even if the resolution is a bit high, if the frame rate is low, like 24fps, there is no problem even if the value is low.

Change the codec type
Change type

By changing the type of program called a codec that compresses and converts audio and video data, it is possible to save high-quality videos even at low values. The codec type can be configured at encoding time, and the recommended codec is determined by the medium the video uses, so try switching to a better performing codec within the recommended encoding and range.

Check the resolution
check

Unless you have a specific purpose, the quickest way to lower the bitrate is not to edit with high image quality, such as 4K video. High-resolution videos have a large amount of information, so it is only natural that the bit rate is high.

So if lowering the resolution doesn’t reduce viewer comfort, try lowering the resolution a bit.

abstract
In this article, I explained the term bitrate, which is a must for anyone editing video. It seems a bit difficult compared to frame rate and resolution, and you should be able to set the proper bit rate by referring to this article.

By setting a suitable bitrate, you can create a video that is easy to handle with a small amount of data while maximizing the quality of the video.

The following article explains in detail how to edit videos.

[Video Editing Guide] Explains how to edit videos in 7 steps

Anyone can easily create video ads and video content. It acquired the number one share in the advertising and media industry for the second year in a row. (* 1) It has been introduced in more than 400 companies, mainly large companies, advertising agencies and production companies.

Estimated overall bit rate

Estimated overall bit rate

approximate indication

Variable Bit Rate

Here are some general guidelines. The value that can be smoothly reproduced varies depending on the line speed and computer specifications, but keep the following as a guide.

Video: 850 kbps
Audio: 128 kbps
Video: 700-1500Kbps (video and total audio)
Recommended bit rate for uploading videos to YouTube
Upload the video

Here are the recommended bit rates for videos used on YouTube. Values differ based on SDR video and HDR video, so check each one. We will present every resolution and frame rate you record, so set the video to upload to YouTube with the following values.

When loading an SDR video
Values for uploading SDR videos are as follows.

writes
Video bit rate / standard frame rate (24/25/30)
Video Bit Rate / High Frame Rate (48/50/60)
4K
35-45 Mbps
53-68 Mbps
2K
16 Mbps
24 Mbps
1080p
8 Mbps
12 Mbps
720p
5 Mbps
7.5 Mbps
480p
2.5 Mbps
4 Mbps
360p
1 Mbps
1.5 Mbps
When loading HDR video
Values for uploading HDR videos are as follows.

writes
Video bit rate / standard frame rate (24/25/30)
Video Bit Rate / High Frame Rate (48/50/60)
4K
44-56 Mbps
66-85 Mbps
2K
20 Mbps
30 Mbps
1080p
10 Mbps
15 Mbps
720p
6.5 Mbps
9.5 Mbps
480p
Not supported
Not supported
360p
Not supported
Not supported
Recommended audio bit rate for uploaded videos
The recommended audio settings are as follows.

writes
Audio bit rate
monaural
128 Kbps
stereo
384 Kbps
5.1
512 Kbps
How to make a video with the proper bit rate?
How to create?

I will explain how to create video with proper bitrate when editing video. Since various factors such as resolution, frame rate, computer specifications, and the media to be used determine the appropriate numerical value, it is problematic to think about every time you edit a video, and many people have so decidedly decided. appropriate.

If you refer to the bit rate guide presented above and the “How to set a suitable bit rate” explained below, it is not a difficult setting at all, so try them all.

Disadvantages of too high a bit rate
Demerit

Of course, if the value is set too high, the image quality will be high, but the amount of data will be huge, and the video may be difficult for the viewer to see. Problems such as stalling or getting stuck while playing a video will occur.

Not that there is a problem with the video, but the amount of data is too large, which puts too much pressure on the viewer side. Also, if you don’t have a high-spec PC, you won’t be satisfied with the edit in the first place, and there are downsides that it will take up a lot of storage.

What is the bit rate?

What is the bit rate?

bitrate

Bit rate represents the amount of data per second of video and is expressed as bps.

Bit Rate

Bps is an abbreviation for bits per second and 1 Mbps is 7.5 MB of data per minute. Since this value determines the amount of video data and the image quality of the video, those who edit the video should be aware of the appropriate setting method.

A video with a high bitrate value will have a lot of data and will be a heavy video that will take time to upload and download. High bit rate video has the characteristic of being able to express high quality and delicate images.

Those who edit videos need to acquire the minimum knowledge not only about the size of the video, such as the aspect ratio and resolution, but also about the bitrate that the amount of video data represents.

There are two types of bit rates
There are two kinds

There are two types of bit rates, which can be divided into audio and video. Generally, when editing a video, you should check the oval bitrate, which is the sum of these two types. The video is a complete work that combines audio and video, so there is no problem if you think about it in total.

Video cleanliness is determined by screen resolution x frame rate
Video cleanliness is determined by screen resolution x frame rate

The cleanliness of the edited video is determined by the resolution and the frame rate, and by setting the corresponding bit rate, the viewer can view the video in the highest quality. First, the resolution represents the number of pixels in the video and the upper limit of image quality is set at the recording stage.

Next, the frame rate shows how many images a video makes up per second, which is related to the smoothness of the video. By editing a high-image-quality video shot at the same frame rate as when it was shot, you can create smooth, high-quality video.

And the most important thing is the bitrate, and if this value is low, no matter how good the material is, it cannot be saved as a high-quality video. If you want to produce a beautiful video, you need to set it to a state where you can ensure the amount of data with a corresponding high bit.

What is the proper bit rate?
Suitable

The appropriate value depends on the quality of the video, but it is not always good to produce a video at a high bit rate so as not to reduce the quality. Since the value is the amount of data, the higher the value, the greater the amount of data, causing problems that cannot be processed by a low-spec personal computer.

There is a general recommended guideline based on resolution and frame rate, so it is recommended to configure it by referring to the following. Of course, if you are using a high-spec computer and want to produce a beautiful video with higher image quality, no problem, even if you produce a value slightly higher than recommended.

What is the bit rate in audio and video?

What is the bit rate in audio and video?

VBR vs CBR

Often times, you will want to adjust the bitrate when adjusting your video.

CBR & VBR

Many people find it difficult and annoying in technical terms, but if you don’t know it, you won’t be able to set it up correctly and the video quality will eventually deteriorate, so be careful. This article explains the meaning and function of bitrate in an easy-to-understand way, but if you want to understand it in detail, take a look.

Also, it is especially important that the standard bit rate is determined by the resolution and the frame rate, but it is better to change it at the same time as much as possible. This time, I will also introduce the operation procedure with the highly rated “iMyFone Filme” tool that you can set all three at once, but let’s download with the button below and try it together.

Part 1: What is the bit rate?
Bit rate indicates the amount of data that can be sent and received per second, and the unit is bps (bits per second). For example, if the video bit rate is 1 kbps, it means that 1000 bits of data can be transferred per second.

And if you break this down more concretely, there are the following three types.

“Video Bitrate

By analogy with the basic definition, video bit rate refers to the amount of video data per second. This value is calculated based on RGB data, frame rate, and resolution displayed by the color information contained in a pixel.

Bit rate of “speech”

Similarly, the audio bit rate refers to the amount of audio data per second, but the value is calculated using the sample rate (Hz) and the bit depth (bits). The first indicates how many times the sound is divided and recorded, while the second shows the amount of data per recording.

Bit rate “oval”

Speaking of the calculation formula, it is “oval bit rate = video bit rate + audio bit rate”. Also called total bitrate, this is also what commonly used video bitrates mean.