What are the different audio formats?
What are MP3, WMA, WAV and FLAC and how are they different? How to convert?
About audio formats
There are many different audio formats. The most used formats are MP3 (MPEG-2 Audio Layer III) and WAV. The type of format is generally determined by the file extension (what comes after the period in the file name .mp3, .wav, .ogg, .wma)
A codec is a specific algorithm for encoding and compressing data in an audio format. For some file types, the codec is uniquely defined. For example, in the mp3 format, the MPEG Layer-3 codec is always used, and in the mp4 format, different codecs can be used.
Often the concepts of codec and format are used in the same sense. Especially when the format always uses the same codec. But sometimes it is important to distinguish between the concepts of formats and codecs. For convenience, the format can be considered a kind of container in which an audio or video signal can be recorded using a specific codec.
Some formats, such as mp4 or flv, may contain audio and video streams, but chkinger’s CD emulator streams AUDIO STREAMS ONLY.
Codecs are divided into two types, depending on the type of compression:
Lossless sound quality
This group of formats records and encodes audio in such a way that it can be accurately reconstructed by decoding.
The most popular lossless encoding formats are:
FLAC (Free Lossless Audio Codec)
APE (mono audio)
ALAC (Apple Lossless Audio Codec)
Lost
Lossy compression modifies the sound. For example, frequencies inaudible to the human ear are eliminated. The decoded file will differ from the original in terms of the information recorded on it, but it will sound more or less the same.
Popular lossy formats:
MP3
WMA
OGG
CAA
Learn more about popular audio formats
WAV is one of the first audio formats. Typically used to store uncompressed audio (PCM) recordings that are identical in sound quality to CD (audio-CD) recordings. On average, a minute of sound in wav format takes about 10 megabytes. Often an audio CD is ripped onto it and then converted to mp3 using an audio converter.
MP3 (MPEG Layer-3) is the most popular audio format in the world. MP3, like many other lossy formats, truncates audio that the human ear cannot hear, reducing file size. At the moment, mp3 is not the best format in terms of the relationship between file size and sound quality, but due to its prevalence and compatibility with most devices, many people store their recordings on it.
WMA (Windows Media Audio) is a proprietary format of Microsoft. Initially, this format was introduced as a replacement for MP3, which, according to Microsoft, has higher compression characteristics. But this fact has been questioned by some independent tests. Furthermore, the WMA format supports data protection through DRM.
OGG is an open format that supports encoding of audio with various codecs. The most used codec in ogg is Vorbis. In terms of compression quality, the format is comparable to MP3, but less common in terms of media player and audio player.
AAC is a proprietary audio format that has more capabilities (number of channels, sample rates) compared to mp3 and offers slightly better sound, with the same file size. At the moment, aac is one of the highest quality lossy audio encoding algorithms. The format is compatible with most devices. A file of this format can have the extensions aac, mp4, m4a, m4b, m4p, m4r.
FLAC (only Gromaudio USB 3 can play it from CD changer emulators) is a popular lossless compression format. It does not change the audio stream and the sound encoded with it is identical to the original. It is often used for listening to sound in high-end sound systems. It has limited support for devices and players, so usually for listening to flac on the player, it is pre-converted.
