who invented the mp3 invented Archives

Who invented the MP3? Part 2

MP3 file is short for MPEG Audio Layer3, which is a standard for audio sampling and compression. MP3 technology originated from the doctoral dissertation of a young German (Karlheinz Brandenburg).

On July 14, 1995 (European time), the Fraunhofer Institute in Germany decided to use mp3 as a suffix for music format files using the standard MPEG Audio Layer3 specification. MPEG Audio Layer 3 encoding officially became a standard in 1992. Fraunhofer Institute research scholar Juergen Zeller officially named mp3 ten years ago today, and today the charter is kept by the Institute. ☆Karlheinz Brandenburg, the father of MP3 The contribution of Karlheinz Brandenburg, 46, is momentous. This technology has made digital music really popular and has also contributed to the rise of online music services. It can be said that without MP3, there is no more light weight, the huge capacity of MP3 is portable, and there is no Napster to drive countless people crazy… As early as 1980, when Brandenburg was still studying at the Department of Electronic Engineering, he began to study digital music compression technology. It took a computer 10 hours to decode a digital music file about 1 minute long, but with computing speed increasing rapidly, a Brandenburg-led research group finally formulated the MP3 standard in 1995, which can perform time compression. real. of digital music. . The MP3 research group notes that free MP3 player software downloads could give the new standard an early place on the Internet, which has also led to online music sharing. According to the Searchterms.com survey, MP3 was once the most popular search keyword on the Internet.

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Who invented the MP3?

Development history of mp3 MPEG-1 Audio Layer 2 encoding began as digital audio transmission managed by Egon Meier-Engelen at the German Deutsche Forschungs- und Versuchsanstalt für Luft- und Raumfahrt (later known as Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt). , German Space Center) .DAB) project.

This project is funded by the European Union as a EUREKA research project, and its name is commonly known as EU-147. The study period for EU-147 was from 1987 to 1994. By 1991 two proposals had emerged: Musicam (called Layer 2) and ASPEC (Adaptive Spectrum Sensing Entropy Coding). The Musicam method proposed by Philips of the Netherlands, CCETT of France, and the Institut für Rundfunktechnik of Germany was chosen due to its simplicity, error robustness, and lower computational effort in high-quality compression. The Musicam format based on subband coding is a key factor in determining the MPEG audio compression format (sampling rate, frame structure, data header, sample points per frame). This technology and its design philosophy are fully integrated into the definition of ISO MPEG Audio Layer I, II and later Layer III (MP3) formats. The standard was developed by Leon van de Kerkhof (Layer I) and Gerhard Stoll (Layer II) under the auspices of Prof. Mussmann (University of Hannover). A working group consisting of Leon Van de Kerkhof from the Netherlands, Gerhard Stoll from Germany, Yves-François Dehery from France and Karlheinz Brandenburg from Germany absorbed design ideas from Musicam and ASPEC and added their own design ideas to develop MP3 , which can play MP2. Sound quality from 192kbit/s to 128kbit/s. All of these algorithms eventually became part of the first group of MPEG standards, MPEG-1, in 1992, resulting in the international standard ISO/IEC 11172-3 published in 1993. Further work on MPEG audio eventually became part of the MPEG-2 standard, a second group of MPEG standards developed in 1994, officially known as ISO/IEC 13818-3, first published in 1995. The compression efficiency of an encoder is generally defined by the bit rate, since the compression rate depends on the number of bits (:in:bit depth) and the sampling rate of the input signal. However, there are often products that use CD parameters (44.1 kHz, two channels, 16 bits per channel, or 2×16 bits) as the compression ratio reference, and the compression ratio using this reference is usually higher, which which also shows that the compression ratio is very important for lossy compression problems. Karlheinz Brandenburg used Suzanne Vega’s song Tom’s Diner on CD to test MP3 compression algorithms. This song is used because the song’s smooth and simple melody makes it easier to hear glitches in the compressed format during playback. Some jokingly refer to Suzanne Vega as “the mother of MP3”. The most serious and critical audio extracts (glockenspiel, triangle, accordion, …) from the EBU V3/SQAM Reference CD are used by professional audio engineers to assess the subjective perceived quality of the MPEG audio format. MP3 Reaches the Masses To generate bit-compliant (layer 1, layer 2, layer 3) MPEG audio files, ISO MPEG Audio committee members developed reference simulation software in C called ISO 11172-5. It can demonstrate the first real-time DSP-based hardware decoding of compressed audio on some non-real-time operating systems. Several other MPEG audios were developed in real time for digital broadcasting (DAB radio and DVB TV) for consumer receivers and set-top boxes. Later on July 7, 1994, Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft released the first MP3 encoder called l3enc. The Fraunhofer development team selected the .mp3 extension on July 14, 1995 (previously the extension was . a bit). Using Winplay3 (released September 9, 1995), the first real-time software MP3 player, many people were able to encode and play MP3 files on their own personal computers. Since hard drives at the time were relatively small (such as 500MB), this technology was essential for storing entertainment music on computers. MP2, MP3 and the Internet In October 1993, MP2 (MPEG-1 Audio Layer 2) files appeared on the Internet, which were often played by Xing MPEG Audio Player, and later MAPlay developed.