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Bluetooth Music Part 2

aptX and aptX HD

Qualcomm’s aptX codec brings wireless audio quality closer to that of CDs. Unlike SBC and AAC, advanced codec is based on compression and stream optimization, final compression is 4 to 1. Bit rate is 352 kbps at 44.1 kHz sample rate and 16 bits.

The upgraded version of aptX HD is superior in quality to audio CD. The sampling frequency reaches 48 kHz with a bit depth of 24 bits and the bit rate is 576 kbps. The compression ratio is preserved: 4 to 1.

Bluetooth Music – Understanding Wireless Audio Codecs Bluetooth Music – Understanding Wireless Audio Codecs
The main disadvantage of aptX and aptX HD is the need to obtain a license from Qualcomm, which is why the number of supported devices is limited. The smartphones include devices based on Qualcomm’s flagship Snapdragon chips. Compatible smartphones and tablets on other platforms are rare, with the latest Huawei and Meizu flagships being the best examples. On the other hand, Apple smartphones and tablets do not support the codec.

Meizu EP52
Bluetooth Music – Understanding Wireless Audio Codecs Bluetooth Music – Understanding Wireless Audio Codecs Bluetooth Music – Understanding Wireless Audio Codecs
The list of aptX compatible headsets and audio systems is much broader. One of the interesting models is the Meizu EP52 headphones with aptX on board. For 2,500 rubles or $ 36.99, the company offers headphones with a flexible head collar. Optimal form factor for sports training and daily use. The back of the case is equipped with Hall sensor magnets. When you don’t need music, just plug in headphones and playback will stop automatically.

Ausdom M05
Bluetooth Music – Understanding Wireless Audio Codecs Bluetooth Music – Understanding Wireless Audio Codecs
There aren’t as many cheap on-ear headphones with aptX support, but the Ausdom M05 model stands out. For a modest $ 43.39 or 2700 rubles, ergonomic carbon-look earbuds are offered. Unlike its competitors, Ausdom is created out of the stereotype of “more bass, cooler sound”. The engineers worked hard to find the right balance. The aptX codec provides high-quality audio over Bluetooth, but if desired, the headphones can be connected via an AUX cable.

Levn receiver
Bluetooth Music: Understanding Wireless Audio Codecs
One of the few devices with aptX HD on board is the Levn receiver / transmitter. The compact accessory adds Bluetooth to any headphone or audio system. A similar device can also be used in an AUX-only equipped car. The audio system connects to the receiver’s 3.5mm jack, which, in turn, connects to the smartphone via Bluetooth. The second function is to stream sound from a smartphone or tablet directly to two pairs of headphones via Bluetooth. The cost of the accessory is quite large – $ 30.48 or 1950 rubles. The additional distribution of aptX HD is questionable, mainly due to the appearance of an even more sophisticated LDAC codec.

LDAC
Bluetooth Music: Understanding Wireless Audio Codecs
The most innovative Bluetooth codec is LDAC. It is developed by Sony. The transmission bit rate reaches up to 990 kbps at 96000 Hz sampling rate and 24-bit depth, the numbers for audio recorded on DVD. Overall the quality is high resolution, but LDAC is still a lossy algorithm, despite the complex encoding and lack of clumsiness inherent in early SBCs. The compression ratio is on the aptX level.

Bluetooth Music: Understanding Wireless Audio Codecs
With the release of Android 8.0 Oreo, the LDAC codec has become part of the Android Open Source Project and is available to all manufacturers of smartphones and tablets based on the Google operating system. For example, LDAC is already compatible with Google Pixel, OnePlus, Samsung Galaxy, Xiaomi and other smartphones that have been released or upgraded to Android 8.0 Oreo and earlier versions.

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Bluetooth music

Understanding wireless audio codecs

Wireless accessories are gaining popularity. How to listen to your favorite music via Bluetooth? We will tell you about it in this article
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Bluetooth Music: Understanding Wireless Audio Codecs
In recent years, wireless headphones have become widespread, but lovers of high-quality sound are in no rush to ditch the cables. The reason is that audio transmission over a radio channel requires encoding with a special algorithm – a codec, since the bandwidth of the Bluetooth channel is very limited. The basic codecs are not demanding on the processing power of the source, but they noticeably spoil the audio stream and cannot provide the level of Hi-Res audio. With the development of technology, high-quality codecs have appeared, including: aptX, aptX HD, and LDAC.

Digital sound theory
Bluetooth Music: Understanding Wireless Audio Codecs
The quality of digital sound is determined by several parameters, first of all, the sampling frequency, that is, the sampling frequency of analog sound. The unit of measurement is Hertz (Hz), that is, the number of samples per second. The more, the closer the encoded sound is to the original signal.

Bit depth determines the encoding precision of each section determined by the sample rate. Larger values ​​provide greater precision, but the amount of data required increases E

The bit rate depends on the above parameters and characterizes the flow required to encode and transmit sound through the channel per unit of time. The bit rate depends on the degree of compression of the signal and indirectly determines the quality of the sound. Measured in bits per second (bps).

Bluetooth Music: Understanding Wireless Audio Codecs
It is worth remembering that to activate the codec, its bidirectional support is required from the source and the playback device, that is, for example, headphones and a smartphone. Otherwise, a lower quality algorithm will be selected for audio streaming. The digital audio standard is CD, which uses a sampling rate of 44100 Hz at 16 bits, uncompressed, and two channels provide a bit rate of 1411 kbps.

Subband coding
SBC or subband encoding is a lossy efficient Bluetooth audio codec. SBC appeared long before the proliferation of powerful smartphones, and its main task is to reduce the computational burden of encoding and decoding audio. Other challenges are economic and stable transmission in all conditions. The algorithm is crude and based on the imperfection of the human ear. Frequency ranges that are indistinguishable across the entire audio path are cut off and not encoded. The bit rate is 328 kbps at a 48 kHz sampling rate and 16 bit depth, which is comparable to MP3, but the final quality is significantly lower.

Bluetooth Music: Understanding Wireless Audio Codecs
The SBC codec is the basic codec for streaming audio via Bluetooth and is compatible with all devices. The quality in a stretch is sufficient for listening to MP3 and AAC formats, as well as for streaming services like Google Play Music and Apple Music.

Advanced audio coding
Advanced Audio Coding or AAC – Further development of technology with better sound quality at a lower bit rate. The effect is achieved by complex algorithms that require high computing power, which is not a problem for modern devices.

Bluetooth Music: Understanding Wireless Audio Codecs
It has spread in the technique of Apple, which needs no introduction. Admittedly, there are no more advanced algorithms in gadgets from the Cupertino company. Advanced third-party audio devices generally support AAC, but they also support the more advanced aptX codecs, aptX HD, and LDAC, which are described below.