{"id":743,"date":"2019-12-03T14:02:33","date_gmt":"2019-12-03T14:02:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/mp4gain.com\/mp4gain\/?p=743"},"modified":"2019-12-03T14:02:33","modified_gmt":"2019-12-03T14:02:33","slug":"how-mp3-compression-works","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mp4gain.com\/mp4gain\/how-mp3-compression-works\/","title":{"rendered":"HOW MP3 COMPRESSION WORKS"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Everyone knows MP3 music files. This format occupies less space than the original audio file since when converting to MP3, a compression algorithm is applied that analyzes the original sound and eliminates some details of the recording that are considered expendable, which supposedly our ear was never going to perceive.<\/p>\n<p>The MP3 file takes up less space but loses information from the original recording, so it is a lossy compression. The question is, what is the algorithm for scrapping those details of music? How are they removed from the recording? Don&#8217;t they really matter and we don&#8217;t perceive those losses?<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/mp4gain.com\/mp4gain\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/bandwith-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-718\" src=\"http:\/\/mp4gain.com\/mp4gain\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/bandwith-1-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_81 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/mp4gain.com\/mp4gain\/how-mp3-compression-works\/#MP3_and_auditory_masking\" >MP3 and auditory masking<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/mp4gain.com\/mp4gain\/how-mp3-compression-works\/#Frequency_masking\" >Frequency masking<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/mp4gain.com\/mp4gain\/how-mp3-compression-works\/#Sound_masking\" >Sound masking<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/mp4gain.com\/mp4gain\/how-mp3-compression-works\/#Temporary_masking\" >Temporary masking<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"MP3_and_auditory_masking\"><\/span>MP3 and auditory masking<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>The algorithm for MP3 compression eliminates details of the original music based on the phenomenon of the sound masking of our sense of hearing, a psychoacoustic phenomenon so daily that surely many will not have paid attention before, and that it is necessary to know to understand the MP3 .<\/p>\n<p>Imagine that we are talking to someone on the street, a car passes by and suddenly we stop hearing our interlocutor. Why have we stopped hearing the other person? If we had recorded this situation with a microphone we would see that both sounds, the voice and the car, would have been perfectly recorded &#8230;<\/p>\n<p>This phenomenon occurs because there are situations in which our sense of hearing gives prominence to one sound and ignores another if both are simultaneous, what is called sound masking, and that depends on well-defined causes that can be summarized as follows.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Frequency_masking\"><\/span>Frequency masking<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sound_masking\"><\/span>Sound masking<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>A sound can mask another when they reach the ear simultaneously depending on their relative frequencies and volumes. As seen in the figure, at the loudest sound our ear creates a new limit of hearing or masking at that time. If another simultaneous sound is under that frequency environment, we will not perceive it.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Temporary_masking\"><\/span>Temporary masking<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>When there is a sound of sufficient power to be masking, there are moments before and after that we will not perceive other sounds, depending on how closely they are in time and their relative volume, with the behavior represented in the figure. As you can see, a sound can be masked whether it occurs immediately after the masking, or if it occurs before!<\/p>\n<p>The MP3 compression algorithm<\/p>\n<p>MP3 encoding<\/p>\n<p>When we perform an MP3 compression, the coding algorithm divides the music into a multitude of short-lived fragments. Each of these fragments are analyzed individually in many frequency bands, to be able to detect if in any of them there is any masking sound that is masking sounds of the other bands of the fragment, and therefore are inaudible or expendable. In that case, what you will do is encode that fragment with fewer bits than the original fragment, so that resolution of the more subtle details (those details that have been dispensable) will be lost and the background noise of the fragment will increase.<\/p>\n<p>The amount of bit reduction for that fragment will depend on the quality sought in the coding. If we set it to high quality it will reduce the resolution of the fragment only just enough so that the new background noise is still masked by the masking sound that had been detected in that fragment.<\/p>\n<p>Therefore, and according to the masking theory, no change will be perceived after the resolution reduction: neither for the loss of the details that were already originally masked, nor for the new background noise, which will continue to be imperceptible by also maintaining below that masking sound detected.<\/p>\n<p>After this process, the fragment could have been encoded with fewer bits, occupying less information than the original. Once this attempt at bit reduction has been repeated with all the multitude of fragments into which the original file had been divided, the song is reconstructed and a compressed file is obtained that will now take up less space.<\/p>\n<p>In addition to this masking-based coding, finally an &#8220;Huffman&#8221; arithmetic coding is applied to the resulting bits, similar to that performed in a &#8220;.zip&#8221; compression. This process will not entail additional quality losses.<\/p>\n<p>Sound quality in MP3 files<\/p>\n<p>MP3 encoding quality<\/p>\n<p>The sound quality of the compression depends on the size that we want the compressed song to occupy, therefore the bitrate that we indicate when performing the compression. If we choose a high bitrate, the algorithm will not be forced to eliminate much information, so it will eliminate really inaudible details according to the masking curves.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Everyone knows MP3 music files. This format occupies less space than the original audio file since when converting to MP3, a compression algorithm is applied that analyzes the original sound and eliminates some details of the recording that are considered expendable, which supposedly our ear was never going to perceive. The MP3 file takes up &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/mp4gain.com\/mp4gain\/how-mp3-compression-works\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;HOW MP3 COMPRESSION WORKS&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[257],"tags":[18849,18841,18843,18845,18846,18847,18856,18855,18858,18859,18854,18861,18869,18860,18853,18852,18857,18862,18864,18850,18863,18868,18866,18842,18848,18851,18844,18840,18865,18870,18871,18867],"class_list":["post-743","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-audio-normalizer","tag-compress-mp3-without-losing-quality-online","tag-compression-from-mp3","tag-compression-in-mp3","tag-compression-of-mp3","tag-compression-of-mp3-files","tag-compression-with-mp3","tag-does-mp3-include-compression","tag-does-mp3-use-compression","tag-does-mp3-use-lossy-compression","tag-how-does-mp3-audio-compression-work","tag-how-does-mp3-compression-work","tag-how-is-mp3-compression-done","tag-how-mp3-compression","tag-how-mp3-compression-works","tag-how-much-can-mp3-compression","tag-how-much-can-mp3-compression-percentage","tag-how-much-does-mp3-compression","tag-how-to-check-mp3-compression","tag-is-mp3-compression-free-to-use","tag-is-mp3-compression-lossy-or-lossless","tag-is-mp3-compression-rate","tag-is-mp3-lossless-compression","tag-is-mp3-lossy-compression","tag-mp3-audio-compression-in-multimedia","tag-mp3-compress-without-losing-quality","tag-mp3-compression-lossy-or-lossless","tag-mp3-type-of-compression","tag-wav-or-mp3-for-compression","tag-what-is-mp3-compression","tag-what-is-the-best-mp3-compression-rate","tag-who-created-mp3-compression","tag-why-is-mp3-compression-used"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>HOW MP3 COMPRESSION WORKS - mp4gain.com<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/mp4gain.com\/mp4gain\/how-mp3-compression-works\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"HOW MP3 COMPRESSION WORKS - mp4gain.com\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Everyone knows MP3 music files. This format occupies less space than the original audio file since when converting to MP3, a compression algorithm is applied that analyzes the original sound and eliminates some details of the recording that are considered expendable, which supposedly our ear was never going to perceive. The MP3 file takes up &hellip; Continue reading &quot;HOW MP3 COMPRESSION WORKS&quot;\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/mp4gain.com\/mp4gain\/how-mp3-compression-works\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"mp4gain.com\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/mp4gain\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-12-03T14:02:33+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"http:\/\/mp4gain.com\/mp4gain\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/bandwith-1-300x225.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"R. 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Arias\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/8ca03263e87418cfde07c571c83fa172297ce230085e4f181b9e5f9af745d6be?s=96&d=blank&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/8ca03263e87418cfde07c571c83fa172297ce230085e4f181b9e5f9af745d6be?s=96&d=blank&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/8ca03263e87418cfde07c571c83fa172297ce230085e4f181b9e5f9af745d6be?s=96&d=blank&r=g\",\"caption\":\"R. Arias\"},\"description\":\"R. Arias is the author of this article and has extensive experience for more than 30 years as a recording engineer and audio specialist, as well as more than 20 years of experience creating algorithms related to audio and video. Linkedin\",\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/ricardoariaszorrilla\/\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/mp4gain.com\/mp4gain\/author\/mp4gain\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"HOW MP3 COMPRESSION WORKS - mp4gain.com","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/mp4gain.com\/mp4gain\/how-mp3-compression-works\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"HOW MP3 COMPRESSION WORKS - mp4gain.com","og_description":"Everyone knows MP3 music files. This format occupies less space than the original audio file since when converting to MP3, a compression algorithm is applied that analyzes the original sound and eliminates some details of the recording that are considered expendable, which supposedly our ear was never going to perceive. The MP3 file takes up &hellip; Continue reading \"HOW MP3 COMPRESSION WORKS\"","og_url":"https:\/\/mp4gain.com\/mp4gain\/how-mp3-compression-works\/","og_site_name":"mp4gain.com","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/mp4gain","article_published_time":"2019-12-03T14:02:33+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"http:\/\/mp4gain.com\/mp4gain\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/bandwith-1-300x225.jpg","type":"","width":"","height":""}],"author":"R. Arias","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@mp4gain","twitter_site":"@mp4gain","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"R. Arias","Est. reading time":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/mp4gain.com\/mp4gain\/how-mp3-compression-works\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/mp4gain.com\/mp4gain\/how-mp3-compression-works\/"},"author":{"name":"R. 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