{"id":1470,"date":"2020-06-21T01:35:31","date_gmt":"2020-06-21T01:35:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/mp4gain.com\/mp4gain\/?p=1470"},"modified":"2020-06-21T01:35:31","modified_gmt":"2020-06-21T01:35:31","slug":"volume-normalization-an-explanation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mp4gain.com\/mp4gain\/volume-normalization-an-explanation\/","title":{"rendered":"Volume normalization, an explanation"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/OKSWPrT5upo\/maxresdefault.jpg\" alt=\"Audio Normalization: Make Your Audio &amp; Video Consistently Loud\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Audio normalization is a process in which the amplitude (volume) of an audio recording is increased or decreased in a constant relationship over time, so that the maximum amplitude or the maximum effective value or the perceived volume (volume) reaches a predetermined level, the standard. If the signal has multiple tracks, they all undergo the same correction.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zittware.com\/Products\/CDMaster32\/Tutorials\/images\/Vlevel_compare.png\" alt=\"Normalize Audio\" width=\"444\" height=\"291\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Example: normalization of peaks to -3 dB:<br \/>\nA collection of digital recordings is made with a peak modulation standard of -3dB FS.<br \/>\nA new stereo recording is measured. The highest maximum level is -5.5 dB FS on the left track, -5.7 dB FS on the right track.<br \/>\nNormalization consists of applying a constant gain of 5.5 &#8211; 3 = 2.5 dB.<br \/>\nStandardization requires two passes. The first determines the maximum level, the second applies the correction to the entire recording.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/ledgernote.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/mastering-normalization.gif\" alt=\"Audio Normalization\" width=\"436\" height=\"139\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Maximum normalization changes the level, but not the dynamics of the sound.<br \/>\nVolume normalization or perception of loudness often includes compression that changes the dynamics of sound.<\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_81 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/mp4gain.com\/mp4gain\/volume-normalization-an-explanation\/#Peak_normalization\" >Peak normalization<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/mp4gain.com\/mp4gain\/volume-normalization-an-explanation\/#Volume_normalization\" >Volume normalization<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Peak_normalization\"><\/span>Peak normalization<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Peak normalization applies a constant gain to a recording to bring the highest peak to a target level, 89% professional audio (-1 dBFS true peak (True Peak)).<\/p>\n<p>The sound dynamics of the recording are more or less preserved, except that maintaining a low distortion level after multiplication of all samples may involve the application of a known quantization error decorrelation noise. under the name redithering (tingling of the least significant bit) 2, which slightly increases the background noise level.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Volume_normalization\"><\/span>Volume normalization<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The purpose of volume normalization is to bring all sound elements in a collection to the same sound volume level, so you can hear them without having to adjust the volume. In fact, the normalization of the maximum level in no way guarantees a homogeneity of the perceived sound volume (Loudness).<\/p>\n<p>A simple approach to volume normalization, which is provided by various software programs, is to normalize the RMS value of the integrated signal within a few tenths of a second. The most advanced machines use extensive algorithms for more accurate evaluation of the perceived noise level. The European Broadcasting Union published a recommendation 1 in 2011, which provides a relatively simple method for this evaluation.<\/p>\n<p>If the standard is not low enough, volume normalization involves compression for recordings whose sound dynamics would be higher than implied when setting the standard from the maximum level. If not, the signal peaks would exceed the quantization limits.<\/p>\n<p>In the simplest implementation, volume normalization collects volume data during the first pass, determines the gain or attenuation necessary for the maximum volume to reach the norm, and applies this correction to the second pass. If the elements of the collection have the same characteristics, from form factor to top factor and dynamics, as is the case with popular music collections or recorded speech, this approach produces satisfactory results.<\/p>\n<p>Extensive implementations use a standard that includes not only the volume of the sound, but also the maximum maximum values \u200b\u200band dynamics of the sound. They collect loudness levels and maximum values<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Audio normalization is a process in which the amplitude (volume) of an audio recording is increased or decreased in a constant relationship over time, so that the maximum amplitude or the maximum effective value or the perceived volume (volume) reaches a predetermined level, the standard. If the signal has multiple tracks, they all undergo the &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/mp4gain.com\/mp4gain\/volume-normalization-an-explanation\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Volume normalization, an 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